Apache Tomcat vs Unicorn: What are the differences?

Apache Tomcat vs. Unicorn

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1. **Language Support**: Apache Tomcat supports Java-based applications, while Unicorn is specifically designed for Ruby applications, making it a better choice for Ruby on Rails projects.
2. **Web Server vs. Application Server**: Apache Tomcat is primarily an application server that supports Servlets and JSPs, while Unicorn is a web server that focuses on serving HTTP requests efficiently.
3. **Multi-threaded vs. Single-threaded**: Apache Tomcat is multi-threaded by nature, which allows it to handle multiple requests simultaneously, whereas Unicorn is single-threaded but utilizes worker processes to achieve concurrency.
4. **Scalability**: Apache Tomcat can be configured to run in a cluster for improved scalability, while Unicorn is more suited for deploying on a single server or behind a load balancer.
5. **Connection Handling**: Apache Tomcat uses a blocking I/O model for handling connections, which can lead to scalability issues under high load, whereas Unicorn employs a non-blocking I/O model that is more efficient in handling concurrent connections.
6. **Configuration**: Apache Tomcat requires extensive configuration and tuning for optimal performance, while Unicorn is designed to be simpler to set up and manage, making it more developer-friendly.

In Summary, Apache Tomcat and Unicorn differ in their language support, server types, threading models, scalability options, connection handling, and configuration requirements.