1. Build Language: The key difference between Gradle and SCons is the build language they use. Gradle utilizes a Groovy-based domain-specific language for its build scripts, offering a high level of flexibility and extensibility. On the other hand, SCons relies on Python as its build language, providing a powerful and expressive scripting interface for defining builds.

2. Configuration Management: In terms of configuration management, Gradle offers a declarative approach where developers specify the desired state of the build, allowing Gradle to handle the details of how to achieve that state. In contrast, SCons follows an imperative approach that requires developers to explicitly specify each step of the build process, giving more fine-grained control but potentially leading to more verbose build scripts.

3. Community Support: Gradle has a large and active community, providing extensive documentation, tutorials, plugins, and support forums for users. This robust community ecosystem makes it easier for developers to find resources and solutions to common issues. SCons, although having a dedicated user base, may not have as extensive a support network as Gradle.

4. Task Dependency Resolution: Gradle uses a sophisticated dependency management system that automatically resolves and downloads dependencies required for a build, simplifying the build process. In contrast, SCons requires users to manually specify dependencies, which can be more labor-intensive and prone to errors if not managed carefully.

5. Integration with IDEs: Gradle offers seamless integration with popular IDEs such as IntelliJ IDEA and Eclipse, providing features like auto-import of project structure and build script editing support within the IDE. While SCons can be used with various IDEs, the level of integration and support may vary, potentially requiring additional setup and configuration.

6. Performance: Gradle is known for its efficiency in handling large-scale builds, thanks to its incremental build capabilities that only rebuild necessary parts of the project. SCons, while capable of handling complex build scenarios, may not be as optimized for speed and scalability as Gradle in certain situations.

In Summary, Gradle and SCons differ in their build language, configuration management approaches, community support, task dependency resolution, IDE integration, and performance characteristics.