Fastify vs Lumen: What are the differences?

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1. Performance: Fastify is known for its high performance due to its use of JSON schema to validate and serialize data, while Lumen is lighter and simpler, making it a better choice for small projects or simple APIs.
2. Configuration Over Convention: Fastify allows developers to configure almost everything, providing full control over the application's behavior, whereas Lumen follows the convention over configuration principle, making it easier to get started quickly.
3. Middleware: Fastify supports global and route-specific middleware functions, offering more flexibility in handling requests, while Lumen primarily focuses on global middleware, which can make it more streamlined but less customizable.
4. Extensibility: Fastify offers a wide range of plugins for extending its functionality, enabling developers to add features easily, whereas Lumen has a smaller ecosystem of third-party packages, limiting extensibility options.
5. Error Handling: Fastify provides a robust error handling mechanism, allowing developers to customize error responses and logging, while Lumen follows a standard error handling approach, which may be sufficient for simpler applications.
6. Template Engine: Fastify does not come with a built-in template engine, as it is focused on APIs, unlike Lumen, which includes Blade, a powerful template engine for building dynamic web applications.

In Summary, Fastify and Lumen differ in terms of performance, configuration approach, middleware support, extensibility, error handling, and template engine usage.