StackShareStackShare
Follow on
StackShare

Discover and share technology stacks from companies around the world.

Follow on

© 2025 StackShare. All rights reserved.

Product

  • Stacks
  • Tools
  • Feed

Company

  • About
  • Contact

Legal

  • Privacy Policy
  • Terms of Service
  1. Stackups
  2. Application & Data
  3. Languages
  4. Languages
  5. Elm vs JavaScript

Elm vs JavaScript

OverviewDecisionsComparisonAlternatives

Overview

JavaScript
JavaScript
Stacks392.3K
Followers284.0K
Votes8.1K
Elm
Elm
Stacks758
Followers744
Votes319

Elm vs JavaScript: What are the differences?

Introduction

In this article, we will compare and contrast Elm and JavaScript, two popular programming languages.

  1. Syntax and Type System: Elm has a statically-typed system, ensuring code safety at compile time and reducing runtime errors. JavaScript, on the other hand, is dynamically typed, allowing more flexibility but potentially leading to more runtime bugs. Elm's syntax is more strict and enforces immutability, making it easier to reason about and maintain code.

  2. No Runtime Exceptions: Elm's strong type system and compiler guarantee that there will be no runtime exceptions caused by null or undefined values. JavaScript, however, allows for such exceptions, leading to potential crashes and bugs that might be more difficult to track and fix.

  3. Functional Programming Paradigm: Elm encourages and heavily relies on functional programming principles, making code more modular, reusable, and easier to test. JavaScript, while supporting functional programming, also allows for imperative and object-oriented programming styles, providing more flexibility but potentially leading to less maintainable code.

  4. Concurrency and JavaScript Interoperability: Elm has built-in support for concurrent programming, making it easier to handle async operations. JavaScript, on the other hand, provides better interoperability with browser APIs and third-party libraries, allowing for greater flexibility and access to a wider range of tools.

  5. Developer Tooling and Community: Elm provides a comprehensive set of developer tools, including a time-traveling debugger, which aids in understanding and resolving state-related issues. While JavaScript offers a wide range of tools and libraries, its tooling ecosystem can be overwhelming and fragmented.

  6. Community and Adoption: JavaScript has a significantly larger and more mature community, with extensive documentation, tutorials, and resources. Elm, being a relatively newer language, has a smaller community, but its growing popularity and strong community support make it a promising language for front-end development.

In Summary, Elm and JavaScript differ in their type systems, error handling, programming paradigms, concurrency support, tooling, and community size. Elm has a strong type system, no runtime exceptions, and promotes functional programming, whereas JavaScript provides more flexibility, better JavaScript interoperability, and has a larger community.

Share your Stack

Help developers discover the tools you use. Get visibility for your team's tech choices and contribute to the community's knowledge.

View Docs
CLI (Node.js)
or
Manual

Advice on JavaScript, Elm

Andrew
Andrew

Chief Software Architect at Xelex Digital, LLC

Jun 27, 2020

Decided

In 2015 as Xelex Digital was paving a new technology path, moving from ASP.NET web services and web applications, we knew that we wanted to move to a more modular decoupled base of applications centered around REST APIs.

To that end we spent several months studying API design patterns and decided to use our own adaptation of CRUD, specifically a SCRUD pattern that elevates query params to a more central role via the Search action.

Once we nailed down the API design pattern it was time to decide what language(s) our new APIs would be built upon. Our team has always been driven by the right tool for the job rather than what we know best. That said, in balancing practicality we chose to focus on 3 options that our team had deep experience with and knew the pros and cons of.

For us it came down to C#, JavaScript, and Ruby. At the time we owned our infrastructure, racks in cages, that were all loaded with Windows. We were also at a point that we were using that infrastructure to it's fullest and could not afford additional servers running Linux. That's a long way of saying we decided against Ruby as it doesn't play nice on Windows.

That left us with two options. We went a very unconventional route for deciding between the two. We built MVP APIs on both. The interfaces were identical and interchangeable. What we found was easily quantifiable differences.

We were able to iterate on our Node based APIs much more rapidly than we were our C# APIs. For us this was owed to the community coupled with the extremely dynamic nature of JS. There were tradeoffs we considered, latency was (acceptably) higher on requests to our Node APIs. No strong types to protect us from ourselves, but we've rarely found that to be an issue.

As such we decided to commit resources to our Node APIs and push it out as the core brain of our new system. We haven't looked back since. It has consistently met our needs, scaling with us, getting better with time as continually pour into and expand our capabilities.

447k views447k
Comments
Nathan
Nathan

Fullstack Developer at Alpsify

Sep 23, 2020

Needs advice

Am I the only one to think that libraries like Bootstrap, Vuetify, Materialize, Foundation are too much sometimes ?

Most of the time you are loading all the library and using 10% of it. And on that 10% you are modifying 90% of it.

I feel like using grid and pure CSS / JS are enough and cleaner.

101k views101k
Comments
Muhamed
Muhamed

Apr 28, 2020

Needs adviceonPythonPythonJavaScriptJavaScriptDjangoDjango

I am currently learning web development with Python and JavaScript course by CS50 Harvard university. It covers python, Flask, Django, SQL, Travis CI, javascript,HTML ,CSS and more. I am very interested in Flutter app development. Can I know what is the difference between learning these above-mentioned frameworks vs learning flutter directly? I am planning to learn flutter so that I can do both web development and app development. Are there any perks of learning these frameworks before flutter?

737k views737k
Comments

Detailed Comparison

JavaScript
JavaScript
Elm
Elm

JavaScript is most known as the scripting language for Web pages, but used in many non-browser environments as well such as node.js or Apache CouchDB. It is a prototype-based, multi-paradigm scripting language that is dynamic,and supports object-oriented, imperative, and functional programming styles.

Writing HTML apps is super easy with elm-lang/html. Not only does it render extremely fast, it also quietly guides you towards well-architected code.

-
No Runtime Exceptions; Fearless refactoring; Understand anyone's code; Fast and friendly feedback; Enforced Semantic Versioning; Small Assets
Statistics
Stacks
392.3K
Stacks
758
Followers
284.0K
Followers
744
Votes
8.1K
Votes
319
Pros & Cons
Pros
  • 1671
    Can be used on frontend/backend
  • 1497
    It's everywhere
  • 1163
    Lots of great frameworks
  • 899
    Fast
  • 746
    Light weight
Cons
  • 24
    A constant moving target, too much churn
  • 20
    Horribly inconsistent
  • 16
    Javascript is the New PHP
  • 9
    No ability to monitor memory utilitization
  • 8
    Shows Zero output in case of ANY error
Pros
  • 45
    Code stays clean
  • 44
    Great type system
  • 40
    No Runtime Exceptions
  • 33
    Fun
  • 28
    Easy to understand
Cons
  • 3
    No typeclasses -> repitition (i.e. map has 130versions)
  • 2
    JS interoperability a bit more involved
  • 2
    JS interop can not be async
  • 1
    No JSX/Template
  • 1
    More code is required

What are some alternatives to JavaScript, Elm?

Python

Python

Python is a general purpose programming language created by Guido Van Rossum. Python is most praised for its elegant syntax and readable code, if you are just beginning your programming career python suits you best.

PHP

PHP

Fast, flexible and pragmatic, PHP powers everything from your blog to the most popular websites in the world.

Ruby

Ruby

Ruby is a language of careful balance. Its creator, Yukihiro “Matz” Matsumoto, blended parts of his favorite languages (Perl, Smalltalk, Eiffel, Ada, and Lisp) to form a new language that balanced functional programming with imperative programming.

Java

Java

Java is a programming language and computing platform first released by Sun Microsystems in 1995. There are lots of applications and websites that will not work unless you have Java installed, and more are created every day. Java is fast, secure, and reliable. From laptops to datacenters, game consoles to scientific supercomputers, cell phones to the Internet, Java is everywhere!

Golang

Golang

Go is expressive, concise, clean, and efficient. Its concurrency mechanisms make it easy to write programs that get the most out of multicore and networked machines, while its novel type system enables flexible and modular program construction. Go compiles quickly to machine code yet has the convenience of garbage collection and the power of run-time reflection. It's a fast, statically typed, compiled language that feels like a dynamically typed, interpreted language.

HTML5

HTML5

HTML5 is a core technology markup language of the Internet used for structuring and presenting content for the World Wide Web. As of October 2014 this is the final and complete fifth revision of the HTML standard of the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C). The previous version, HTML 4, was standardised in 1997.

C#

C#

C# (pronounced "See Sharp") is a simple, modern, object-oriented, and type-safe programming language. C# has its roots in the C family of languages and will be immediately familiar to C, C++, Java, and JavaScript programmers.

Meteor

Meteor

A Meteor application is a mix of JavaScript that runs inside a client web browser, JavaScript that runs on the Meteor server inside a Node.js container, and all the supporting HTML fragments, CSS rules, and static assets.

Scala

Scala

Scala is an acronym for “Scalable Language”. This means that Scala grows with you. You can play with it by typing one-line expressions and observing the results. But you can also rely on it for large mission critical systems, as many companies, including Twitter, LinkedIn, or Intel do. To some, Scala feels like a scripting language. Its syntax is concise and low ceremony; its types get out of the way because the compiler can infer them.

Elixir

Elixir

Elixir leverages the Erlang VM, known for running low-latency, distributed and fault-tolerant systems, while also being successfully used in web development and the embedded software domain.

Related Comparisons

GitHub
Bitbucket

Bitbucket vs GitHub vs GitLab

Bootstrap
Materialize

Bootstrap vs Materialize

Laravel
Django

Django vs Laravel vs Node.js

Bootstrap
Foundation

Bootstrap vs Foundation vs Material UI

Node.js
Spring Boot

Node.js vs Spring-Boot