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C++ vs JavaScript vs Python: What are the differences?
Syntax and Structure: In C++, the syntax is strict and requires the use of semicolons at the end of each statement, whereas JavaScript and Python use indentation to define blocks of code and do not require semicolons.
Type System: C++ is a statically-typed language, meaning data types need to be explicitly declared, while JavaScript and Python are dynamically-typed, allowing variables to change types during execution.
Memory Management: C++ requires manual memory allocation and deallocation using new and delete keywords, whereas JavaScript and Python have automatic memory management through garbage collection.
Concurrency: C++ supports multithreading and multiprocessing with libraries like pthreads, while JavaScript is single-threaded but can achieve concurrency through asynchronous programming with callbacks and promises, and Python has a Global Interpreter Lock (GIL) that limits multithreading.
Performance: C++ is generally faster and more efficient due to its compiled nature, direct memory manipulation, and closer hardware interaction, while JavaScript and Python are interpreted languages, resulting in slower performance.
Usage: C++ is typically used for system programming, game development, and performance-critical applications, while JavaScript is mainly used for web development and browser-based applications, and Python is favored for data analysis, machine learning, and scripting tasks.
In Summary, C++ is a statically-typed language with manual memory management and strict syntax, while JavaScript and Python are dynamically-typed languages with automatic memory management and more flexibility in syntax and structure.
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Learn MorePros of C++
Pros of JavaScript
Pros of Python
Pros of C++
- Performance203
- Control over memory allocation108
- Cross-platform99
- Fast98
- Object oriented85
- Industry standard59
- Smart pointers48
- Templates38
- Gui toolkits17
- Raii17
- Flexibility14
- Generic programming14
- Control14
- Metaprogramming12
- Hardcore10
- Full-fledged containers/collections API5
- Many large libraries5
- Simple5
- Large number of Libraries4
- Performant multi-paradigm language4
- Way too complicated3
- Close to Reality1
- Plenty of useful features1
Pros of JavaScript
- Can be used on frontend/backend1.7K
- It's everywhere1.5K
- Lots of great frameworks1.2K
- Fast898
- Light weight746
- Flexible425
- You can't get a device today that doesn't run js392
- Non-blocking i/o286
- Ubiquitousness237
- Expressive191
- Extended functionality to web pages55
- Relatively easy language49
- Executed on the client side46
- Relatively fast to the end user30
- Pure Javascript25
- Functional programming21
- Async15
- Full-stack13
- Future Language of The Web12
- Its everywhere12
- Setup is easy12
- Because I love functions11
- JavaScript is the New PHP11
- Like it or not, JS is part of the web standard10
- Expansive community9
- Everyone use it9
- Can be used in backend, frontend and DB9
- Easy9
- For the good parts8
- Powerful8
- Can be used both as frontend and backend as well8
- No need to use PHP8
- Easy to hire developers8
- Most Popular Language in the World8
- Its fun and fast7
- Hard not to use7
- Versitile7
- Nice7
- It's fun7
- Popularized Class-Less Architecture & Lambdas7
- Agile, packages simple to use7
- Supports lambdas and closures7
- Love-hate relationship7
- Photoshop has 3 JS runtimes built in7
- Evolution of C7
- Can be used on frontend/backend/Mobile/create PRO Ui6
- Easy to make something6
- It let's me use Babel & Typescript6
- 1.6K Can be used on frontend/backend6
- Client side JS uses the visitors CPU to save Server Res6
- Scope manipulation5
- Clojurescript5
- Everywhere5
- What to add5
- Promise relationship5
- Stockholm Syndrome5
- Function expressions are useful for callbacks5
- Client processing5
- Only Programming language on browser4
- Because it is so simple and lightweight4
- Test21
- Hard to learn1
- Subskill #41
- Not the best1
- Easy to learn and test1
- Easy to understand1
- Easy to learn1
- Test1
- Hard 彤0
Pros of Python
- Great libraries1.2K
- Readable code964
- Beautiful code847
- Rapid development788
- Large community691
- Open source438
- Elegant393
- Great community282
- Object oriented273
- Dynamic typing221
- Great standard library77
- Very fast60
- Functional programming55
- Easy to learn51
- Scientific computing46
- Great documentation35
- Productivity29
- Easy to read28
- Matlab alternative28
- Simple is better than complex24
- It's the way I think20
- Imperative19
- Very programmer and non-programmer friendly18
- Free18
- Powerfull language17
- Machine learning support17
- Fast and simple16
- Scripting14
- Explicit is better than implicit12
- Ease of development11
- Clear and easy and powerfull10
- Unlimited power9
- Import antigravity8
- It's lean and fun to code8
- Print "life is short, use python"7
- Python has great libraries for data processing7
- Rapid Prototyping6
- Readability counts6
- Now is better than never6
- Great for tooling6
- Flat is better than nested6
- Although practicality beats purity6
- I love snakes6
- High Documented language6
- There should be one-- and preferably only one --obvious6
- Fast coding and good for competitions6
- Web scraping5
- Lists, tuples, dictionaries5
- Great for analytics5
- Easy to setup and run smooth4
- Easy to learn and use4
- Plotting4
- Beautiful is better than ugly4
- Multiple Inheritence4
- Socially engaged community4
- Complex is better than complicated4
- CG industry needs4
- Simple and easy to learn4
- It is Very easy , simple and will you be love programmi3
- Flexible and easy3
- Many types of collections3
- If the implementation is easy to explain, it may be a g3
- If the implementation is hard to explain, it's a bad id3
- Special cases aren't special enough to break the rules3
- Pip install everything3
- List comprehensions3
- No cruft3
- Generators3
- Import this3
- Powerful language for AI3
- Can understand easily who are new to programming2
- Should START with this but not STICK with This2
- A-to-Z2
- Because of Netflix2
- Only one way to do it2
- Better outcome2
- Batteries included2
- Good for hacking2
- Securit2
- Procedural programming1
- Best friend for NLP1
- Slow1
- Automation friendly1
- Sexy af1
- Ni0
- Keep it simple0
- Powerful0
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Cons of C++
Cons of JavaScript
Cons of Python
Cons of C++
- Slow compilation8
- Unsafe8
- Over-complicated6
- Fragile ABI6
- No standard/mainstream dependency management5
- Templates mess with compilation units4
- Too low level for most tasks3
- Compile time features are a mess1
- Template metaprogramming is insane1
- Segfaults1
- Unreal engine1
Cons of JavaScript
- A constant moving target, too much churn22
- Horribly inconsistent20
- Javascript is the New PHP15
- No ability to monitor memory utilitization9
- Shows Zero output in case of ANY error8
- Thinks strange results are better than errors7
- Can be ugly6
- No GitHub3
- Slow2
- HORRIBLE DOCUMENTS, faulty code, repo has bugs0
Cons of Python
- Still divided between python 2 and python 353
- Performance impact28
- Poor syntax for anonymous functions26
- GIL22
- Package management is a mess19
- Too imperative-oriented14
- Hard to understand12
- Dynamic typing12
- Very slow12
- Indentations matter a lot8
- Not everything is expression8
- Incredibly slow7
- Explicit self parameter in methods7
- Requires C functions for dynamic modules6
- Poor DSL capabilities6
- No anonymous functions6
- Fake object-oriented programming5
- Threading5
- The "lisp style" whitespaces5
- Official documentation is unclear.5
- Hard to obfuscate5
- Circular import5
- Lack of Syntax Sugar leads to "the pyramid of doom"4
- The benevolent-dictator-for-life quit4
- Not suitable for autocomplete4
- Meta classes2
- Training wheels (forced indentation)1
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What is C++?
C++ compiles directly to a machine's native code, allowing it to be one of the fastest languages in the world, if optimized.
What is JavaScript?
JavaScript is most known as the scripting language for Web pages, but used in many non-browser environments as well such as node.js or Apache CouchDB. It is a prototype-based, multi-paradigm scripting language that is dynamic,and supports object-oriented, imperative, and functional programming styles.
What is Python?
Python is a general purpose programming language created by Guido Van Rossum. Python is most praised for its elegant syntax and readable code, if you are just beginning your programming career python suits you best.
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What are some alternatives to C++, JavaScript, and Python?
C lang
C#
C# (pronounced "See Sharp") is a simple, modern, object-oriented, and type-safe programming language. C# has its roots in the C family of languages and will be immediately familiar to C, C++, Java, and JavaScript programmers.
Node.js
Node.js uses an event-driven, non-blocking I/O model that makes it lightweight and efficient, perfect for data-intensive real-time applications that run across distributed devices.
HTML5
HTML5 is a core technology markup language of the Internet used for structuring and presenting content for the World Wide Web. As of October 2014 this is the final and complete fifth revision of the HTML standard of the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C). The previous version, HTML 4, was standardised in 1997.
PHP
Fast, flexible and pragmatic, PHP powers everything from your blog to the most popular websites in the world.