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Clojure

1.9K
1.4K
+ 1
1.1K
JavaScript

365.4K
278.1K
+ 1
8.1K
Python

247.3K
202K
+ 1
6.9K

Clojure vs JavaScript vs Python: What are the differences?

  1. Syntax: Clojure uses a Lisp-like syntax with a heavy focus on parentheses, making it a functional programming language with a different syntax than JavaScript or Python. JavaScript and Python have more traditional syntax with curly braces or indentation rules, respectively.

  2. Concurrency: Clojure has built-in support for immutable data structures and software transactional memory, which make it ideal for concurrent programming. In contrast, JavaScript and Python require external libraries or frameworks to handle concurrency effectively.

  3. Interoperability: Clojure runs on the JVM and can seamlessly interoperate with Java code, allowing easy integration with the Java ecosystem. JavaScript and Python, on the other hand, have their own runtimes and libraries, making interoperability with other languages more challenging.

  4. Type System: Clojure is a dynamically typed language that relies heavily on runtime checking, whereas JavaScript is also dynamically typed but has optional static typing with TypeScript, and Python is dynamically typed with gradual typing available using tools like Mypy.

  5. Community: The Clojure community is smaller compared to JavaScript and Python, resulting in fewer libraries, tools, and resources available for developers. JavaScript and Python have large and robust communities with extensive ecosystem support.

  6. Performance: Clojure's performance can be optimized through immutable data structures and functional programming techniques, often outperforming JavaScript and Python in certain use cases where these characteristics are crucial for efficiency.

In Summary, Clojure differentiates itself from JavaScript and Python through its syntax, concurrency support, interoperability with Java, type system, community size, and performance optimization techniques.

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Pros of Clojure
Pros of JavaScript
Pros of Python
  • 117
    It is a lisp
  • 100
    Persistent data structures
  • 100
    Concise syntax
  • 90
    jvm-based language
  • 89
    Concurrency
  • 81
    Interactive repl
  • 76
    Code is data
  • 61
    Open source
  • 61
    Lazy data structures
  • 57
    Macros
  • 49
    Functional
  • 23
    Simplistic
  • 22
    Immutable by default
  • 20
    Excellent collections
  • 19
    Fast-growing community
  • 15
    Multiple host languages
  • 15
    Simple (not easy!)
  • 15
    Practical Lisp
  • 10
    Because it's really fun to use
  • 10
    Addictive
  • 9
    Community
  • 9
    Web friendly
  • 9
    Rapid development
  • 9
    It creates Reusable code
  • 8
    Minimalist
  • 6
    Programmable programming language
  • 6
    Java interop
  • 5
    Regained interest in programming
  • 4
    Compiles to JavaScript
  • 3
    Share a lot of code with clojurescript/use on frontend
  • 3
    EDN
  • 1
    Clojurescript
  • 1.7K
    Can be used on frontend/backend
  • 1.5K
    It's everywhere
  • 1.2K
    Lots of great frameworks
  • 898
    Fast
  • 746
    Light weight
  • 425
    Flexible
  • 392
    You can't get a device today that doesn't run js
  • 286
    Non-blocking i/o
  • 237
    Ubiquitousness
  • 191
    Expressive
  • 55
    Extended functionality to web pages
  • 49
    Relatively easy language
  • 46
    Executed on the client side
  • 30
    Relatively fast to the end user
  • 25
    Pure Javascript
  • 21
    Functional programming
  • 15
    Async
  • 13
    Full-stack
  • 12
    Future Language of The Web
  • 12
    Its everywhere
  • 12
    Setup is easy
  • 11
    Because I love functions
  • 11
    JavaScript is the New PHP
  • 10
    Like it or not, JS is part of the web standard
  • 9
    Expansive community
  • 9
    Everyone use it
  • 9
    Can be used in backend, frontend and DB
  • 9
    Easy
  • 8
    For the good parts
  • 8
    Powerful
  • 8
    Can be used both as frontend and backend as well
  • 8
    No need to use PHP
  • 8
    Easy to hire developers
  • 8
    Most Popular Language in the World
  • 7
    Its fun and fast
  • 7
    Hard not to use
  • 7
    Versitile
  • 7
    Nice
  • 7
    It's fun
  • 7
    Popularized Class-Less Architecture & Lambdas
  • 7
    Agile, packages simple to use
  • 7
    Supports lambdas and closures
  • 7
    Love-hate relationship
  • 7
    Photoshop has 3 JS runtimes built in
  • 7
    Evolution of C
  • 6
    Can be used on frontend/backend/Mobile/create PRO Ui
  • 6
    Easy to make something
  • 6
    It let's me use Babel & Typescript
  • 6
    1.6K Can be used on frontend/backend
  • 6
    Client side JS uses the visitors CPU to save Server Res
  • 5
    Scope manipulation
  • 5
    Clojurescript
  • 5
    Everywhere
  • 5
    What to add
  • 5
    Promise relationship
  • 5
    Stockholm Syndrome
  • 5
    Function expressions are useful for callbacks
  • 5
    Client processing
  • 4
    Only Programming language on browser
  • 4
    Because it is so simple and lightweight
  • 1
    Test2
  • 1
    Hard to learn
  • 1
    Subskill #4
  • 1
    Not the best
  • 1
    Easy to learn and test
  • 1
    Easy to understand
  • 1
    Easy to learn
  • 1
    Test
  • 0
    Hard 彤
  • 1.2K
    Great libraries
  • 964
    Readable code
  • 847
    Beautiful code
  • 788
    Rapid development
  • 691
    Large community
  • 438
    Open source
  • 393
    Elegant
  • 282
    Great community
  • 273
    Object oriented
  • 221
    Dynamic typing
  • 77
    Great standard library
  • 60
    Very fast
  • 55
    Functional programming
  • 51
    Easy to learn
  • 46
    Scientific computing
  • 35
    Great documentation
  • 29
    Productivity
  • 28
    Easy to read
  • 28
    Matlab alternative
  • 24
    Simple is better than complex
  • 20
    It's the way I think
  • 19
    Imperative
  • 18
    Very programmer and non-programmer friendly
  • 18
    Free
  • 17
    Powerfull language
  • 17
    Machine learning support
  • 16
    Fast and simple
  • 14
    Scripting
  • 12
    Explicit is better than implicit
  • 11
    Ease of development
  • 10
    Clear and easy and powerfull
  • 9
    Unlimited power
  • 8
    Import antigravity
  • 8
    It's lean and fun to code
  • 7
    Print "life is short, use python"
  • 7
    Python has great libraries for data processing
  • 6
    Rapid Prototyping
  • 6
    Readability counts
  • 6
    Now is better than never
  • 6
    Great for tooling
  • 6
    Flat is better than nested
  • 6
    Although practicality beats purity
  • 6
    I love snakes
  • 6
    High Documented language
  • 6
    There should be one-- and preferably only one --obvious
  • 6
    Fast coding and good for competitions
  • 5
    Web scraping
  • 5
    Lists, tuples, dictionaries
  • 5
    Great for analytics
  • 4
    Easy to setup and run smooth
  • 4
    Easy to learn and use
  • 4
    Plotting
  • 4
    Beautiful is better than ugly
  • 4
    Multiple Inheritence
  • 4
    Socially engaged community
  • 4
    Complex is better than complicated
  • 4
    CG industry needs
  • 4
    Simple and easy to learn
  • 3
    It is Very easy , simple and will you be love programmi
  • 3
    Flexible and easy
  • 3
    Many types of collections
  • 3
    If the implementation is easy to explain, it may be a g
  • 3
    If the implementation is hard to explain, it's a bad id
  • 3
    Special cases aren't special enough to break the rules
  • 3
    Pip install everything
  • 3
    List comprehensions
  • 3
    No cruft
  • 3
    Generators
  • 3
    Import this
  • 3
    Powerful language for AI
  • 2
    Can understand easily who are new to programming
  • 2
    Should START with this but not STICK with This
  • 2
    A-to-Z
  • 2
    Because of Netflix
  • 2
    Only one way to do it
  • 2
    Better outcome
  • 2
    Batteries included
  • 2
    Good for hacking
  • 2
    Securit
  • 1
    Procedural programming
  • 1
    Best friend for NLP
  • 1
    Slow
  • 1
    Automation friendly
  • 1
    Sexy af
  • 0
    Ni
  • 0
    Keep it simple
  • 0
    Powerful

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Cons of Clojure
Cons of JavaScript
Cons of Python
  • 11
    Cryptic stacktraces
  • 5
    Need to wrap basically every java lib
  • 4
    Toxic community
  • 3
    Good code heavily relies on local conventions
  • 3
    Tonns of abandonware
  • 3
    Slow application startup
  • 1
    Usable only with REPL
  • 1
    Hiring issues
  • 1
    It's a lisp
  • 1
    Bad documented libs
  • 1
    Macros are overused by devs
  • 1
    Tricky profiling
  • 1
    IDE with high learning curve
  • 1
    Configuration bolierplate
  • 1
    Conservative community
  • 0
    Have no good and fast fmt
  • 22
    A constant moving target, too much churn
  • 20
    Horribly inconsistent
  • 15
    Javascript is the New PHP
  • 9
    No ability to monitor memory utilitization
  • 8
    Shows Zero output in case of ANY error
  • 7
    Thinks strange results are better than errors
  • 6
    Can be ugly
  • 3
    No GitHub
  • 2
    Slow
  • 0
    HORRIBLE DOCUMENTS, faulty code, repo has bugs
  • 53
    Still divided between python 2 and python 3
  • 28
    Performance impact
  • 26
    Poor syntax for anonymous functions
  • 22
    GIL
  • 19
    Package management is a mess
  • 14
    Too imperative-oriented
  • 12
    Hard to understand
  • 12
    Dynamic typing
  • 12
    Very slow
  • 8
    Indentations matter a lot
  • 8
    Not everything is expression
  • 7
    Incredibly slow
  • 7
    Explicit self parameter in methods
  • 6
    Requires C functions for dynamic modules
  • 6
    Poor DSL capabilities
  • 6
    No anonymous functions
  • 5
    Fake object-oriented programming
  • 5
    Threading
  • 5
    The "lisp style" whitespaces
  • 5
    Official documentation is unclear.
  • 5
    Hard to obfuscate
  • 5
    Circular import
  • 4
    Lack of Syntax Sugar leads to "the pyramid of doom"
  • 4
    The benevolent-dictator-for-life quit
  • 4
    Not suitable for autocomplete
  • 2
    Meta classes
  • 1
    Training wheels (forced indentation)

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What is Clojure?

Clojure is designed to be a general-purpose language, combining the approachability and interactive development of a scripting language with an efficient and robust infrastructure for multithreaded programming. Clojure is a compiled language - it compiles directly to JVM bytecode, yet remains completely dynamic. Clojure is a dialect of Lisp, and shares with Lisp the code-as-data philosophy and a powerful macro system.

What is JavaScript?

JavaScript is most known as the scripting language for Web pages, but used in many non-browser environments as well such as node.js or Apache CouchDB. It is a prototype-based, multi-paradigm scripting language that is dynamic,and supports object-oriented, imperative, and functional programming styles.

What is Python?

Python is a general purpose programming language created by Guido Van Rossum. Python is most praised for its elegant syntax and readable code, if you are just beginning your programming career python suits you best.

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Scala
Scala is an acronym for “Scalable Language”. This means that Scala grows with you. You can play with it by typing one-line expressions and observing the results. But you can also rely on it for large mission critical systems, as many companies, including Twitter, LinkedIn, or Intel do. To some, Scala feels like a scripting language. Its syntax is concise and low ceremony; its types get out of the way because the compiler can infer them.
Haskell
It is a general purpose language that can be used in any domain and use case, it is ideally suited for proprietary business logic and data analysis, fast prototyping and enhancing existing software environments with correct code, performance and scalability.
Common Lisp
Lisp was originally created as a practical mathematical notation for computer programs, influenced by the notation of Alonzo Church's lambda calculus. It quickly became the favored programming language for artificial intelligence (AI) research. As one of the earliest programming languages, Lisp pioneered many ideas in computer science, including tree data structures, automatic storage management, dynamic typing, conditionals, higher-order functions, recursion, and the self-hosting compiler. [source: wikipedia]
Elixir
Elixir leverages the Erlang VM, known for running low-latency, distributed and fault-tolerant systems, while also being successfully used in web development and the embedded software domain.
Julia
Julia is a high-level, high-performance dynamic programming language for technical computing, with syntax that is familiar to users of other technical computing environments. It provides a sophisticated compiler, distributed parallel execution, numerical accuracy, and an extensive mathematical function library.
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