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Citus vs Vitess: What are the differences?
- Architecture : Citus is an extension to Postgres that distributes data and queries across multiple nodes, allowing for horizontal scaling, while Vitess is a database clustering system for horizontal scaling of MySQL through sharding.
- Supported Databases: Citus works with Postgres, enabling the use of Postgres' ecosystem and features, while Vitess is specifically designed for MySQL compatibility.
- Query Language: Citus supports SQL queries with minimal changes needed, maintaining compatibility with existing tools, while Vitess requires the use of VTGate for routing queries, which means making changes to application connections and queries.
- Consistency Model: Citus provides strong consistency within a Citus node but eventual consistency across nodes, while Vitess offers eventual consistency within a shard but strong consistency at the shard-level.
- Data Sharding: Citus handles data distribution by distributing tables across nodes based on a distribution key, while Vitess automatically shards tables based on a predefined sharding key.
- Use Cases: Citus is suitable for applications requiring complex queries or real-time analytics on large datasets, while Vitess is ideal for applications needing horizontal scalability for high read and write workloads on MySQL databases.
In Summary, Citus and Vitess have key differences in architecture, supported databases, query language, consistency model, data sharding, and ideal use cases.
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Learn MorePros of Citus
Pros of Vitess
Pros of Citus
- Multi-core Parallel Processing6
- Drop-in PostgreSQL replacement2
- Distributed with Auto-Sharding2
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What is Citus?
It's an extension to Postgres that distributes data and queries in a cluster of multiple machines. Its query engine parallelizes incoming SQL queries across these servers to enable human real-time (less than a second) responses on large datasets.
What is Vitess?
It is a database solution for deploying, scaling and managing large clusters of MySQL instances. It’s architected to run as effectively in a public or private cloud architecture as it does on dedicated hardware. It combines and extends many important MySQL features with the scalability of a NoSQL database.
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What are some alternatives to Citus and Vitess?
TimescaleDB
TimescaleDB: An open-source database built for analyzing
time-series data with the power and convenience of
SQL — on premise, at the edge, or in the cloud.
CockroachDB
CockroachDB is distributed SQL database that can be deployed in serverless, dedicated, or on-prem. Elastic scale, multi-active availability for resilience, and low latency performance.
Apache Aurora
Apache Aurora is a service scheduler that runs on top of Mesos, enabling you to run long-running services that take advantage of Mesos' scalability, fault-tolerance, and resource isolation.
Cassandra
Partitioning means that Cassandra can distribute your data across multiple machines in an application-transparent matter. Cassandra will automatically repartition as machines are added and removed from the cluster. Row store means that like relational databases, Cassandra organizes data by rows and columns. The Cassandra Query Language (CQL) is a close relative of SQL.
Clickhouse
It allows analysis of data that is updated in real time. It offers instant results in most cases: the data is processed faster than it takes to create a query.