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Arquillian vs Testcontainers: What are the differences?

Introduction

Arquillian and Testcontainers are both testing frameworks used for integration testing in Java applications. While they serve a similar purpose, there are key differences between Arquillian and Testcontainers that should be considered when choosing a testing framework.

Key Differences between Arquillian and Testcontainers

  1. Setup Complexity: Arquillian requires some additional setup to integrate with the application under test. It relies on an external container such as a Java EE server or a CDI container to run the tests. On the other hand, Testcontainers simplifies the setup process by providing lightweight, disposable containers that can run alongside the tests without the need for an external container.

  2. Isolation Level: Arquillian focuses on providing a high level of isolation during integration testing. It achieves this by deploying the application under test in a separate container, ensuring that the tests do not interfere with each other. Testcontainers, on the other hand, provides a lower level of isolation as it runs the tests within the same container as the application under test.

  3. Supported Containers: Arquillian has a wide range of supported containers, including Java EE servers, CDI containers, and more. It allows developers to choose from different container options based on their specific requirements. In contrast, Testcontainers primarily focuses on providing container support for Docker. It is specifically designed for running tests in Docker containers.

  4. Test Environment Independence: Arquillian allows for testing in multiple environments, including local machines, continuous integration servers, and remote servers. It provides flexibility in choosing the test execution environment. Conversely, Testcontainers is primarily designed for local machine testing, as it relies on the presence of Docker to create and manage test containers.

  5. Resource Limitations: Arquillian can be resource-intensive due to the requirement of running an external container alongside the tests. It may consume more memory and processing power, especially when dealing with larger Java EE servers. In contrast, Testcontainers provides a lightweight and efficient testing environment by using Docker containers, which typically have lower resource requirements.

  6. Community and Documentation: Arquillian has been around for a longer time and has a larger community and more extensive documentation resources. It has a well-established ecosystem with multiple plugins and extensions. Testcontainers, being a newer framework, has a smaller community and fewer resources available. However, it is gaining popularity and has an active development community.

In summary, Arquillian and Testcontainers differ in terms of setup complexity, isolation level, supported containers, test environment independence, resource limitations, and community/documentation. Choosing the right framework depends on the specific needs of the project, such as the desired level of isolation, the container options available, testing environment requirements, and available resources.

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What is Arquillian?

It is an integration and functional testing platform that can be used for Java middleware testing. With the main goal of making integration (and functional) tests as simple to write as unit tests, it brings the tests to the runtime environment, freeing developers from managing the runtime from within the test.

What is Testcontainers?

It is a Java library that supports JUnit tests, providing lightweight, throwaway instances of common databases, Selenium web browsers, or anything else that can run in a Docker container.

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What are some alternatives to Arquillian and Testcontainers?
Selenium
Selenium automates browsers. That's it! What you do with that power is entirely up to you. Primarily, it is for automating web applications for testing purposes, but is certainly not limited to just that. Boring web-based administration tasks can (and should!) also be automated as well.
JUnit
JUnit is a simple framework to write repeatable tests. It is an instance of the xUnit architecture for unit testing frameworks.
Mockito
It is a mocking framework that tastes really good. It lets you write beautiful tests with a clean & simple API. It doesn’t give you hangover because the tests are very readable and they produce clean verification errors.
Cucumber
Cucumber is a tool that supports Behaviour-Driven Development (BDD) - a software development process that aims to enhance software quality and reduce maintenance costs.
TestNG
It is a testing framework designed to simplify a broad range of testing needs, it covers all categories of tests: unit, functional, end-to-end, integration, etc.Run your tests in arbitrarily big thread pools with various policies available (all methods in their own thread, one thread per test class, etc.
See all alternatives