
Lung diseases encompass a range of conditions that affect the airways and lung tissue, leading to impaired breathing and oxygen exchange. Key categories include: 1. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD): A progressive disease characterized by persistent respiratory symptoms and airflow limitation. Common causes include smoking and long-term exposure to harmful particles. 2. Asthma: A chronic condition involving airway inflammation and hyperreactivity, resulting in wheezing, shortness of breath, and coughing, often triggered by allergens or environmental factors.